Like the previous popes of Avignon, Gregory XI manufactured the lethal miscalculation of appointing Frenchmen, who did not understand the Italians and whom the Italians hated, as legates and governors on the ecclesiastical provinces in Italy. The Florentines, nonetheless, feared that a strengthening in the papal power in Italy would impair their unique prestige in Central Italy and allied on their own with Bernabo in July, 1375. Both Bernabo and also the Florentines did their utmost to stir up an insurrection during the pontifical territory amid all those who were dissatisfied Together with the papal legates in Italy. They had been so prosperous that inside a shorter time the whole Patrimony of St. Peter was up in arms versus the pope. Extremely incensed for the seditious proceedings from the Florentines, Gregory XI imposed a very severe punishment upon them. He set Florence under interdict, excommunicated its inhabitants, and outlawed them as well as their possessions. The financial reduction which the Florentines sustained therefore was inestimable. They despatched St. Catherine of Siena to intercede for them with Gregory XI, but annoyed her initiatives by continuing their hostilities against the pope. Inside the midst of such disturbances Gregory XI, yielding to the urgent prayers of St. Catherine, chose to eliminate the papal see to Rome, despite the protests with the French King and nearly all the cardinals.
Born in 1331, with the castle of Maumont during the Dioceses of Limoges ; died 27 March, 1378, at Rome. He was a nephew of Pope Clement VI, who heaped many benefices on him And eventually produced him cardinal deacon in 1348, when he was only eighteen years of age. As cardinal he attended the University of Perugia, became a talented canonist and theologian, and obtained the esteem of all by his humility and purity of heart. After the Demise of City V, the cardinals unanimously elected him pope at Avignon, on December, 1370. He selected the identify of Gregory XI, had himself ordained priest on 4 January, 1371, and was crowned pope on the next working day. Straight away on his accession he attempted to reconcile the Kings of France and England, but failed. He succeeded, on the other hand, in pacifying Castile, Aragon, Navarre, Sicily, and Naples. He also made efforts to the reunion from the Greek and Latin Churches, the endeavor of a Campaign, as well as the reform of the clergy.
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Quickly, having said that, he had to present his whole consideration for the turbulent affairs of Italy. Duke Bernabo Visconti of Milan, an inveterate enemy of your papacy, had in 1371 designed himself master of Reggio and also other places that were feudatory to your Holy See. When all other indicates to bring him to terms had unsuccessful, Gregory XI positioned him under the ban. Bernabo compelled the legates that brought him the Bull of excommunication to take in the parchment on which his excommunication was created, and heaped a number of other insults on them. Hereupon Gregory XI declared war upon him in 1372. Accomplishment was at first around the aspect of Bernabo, but when Gregory XI attained the assistance on the emperor, the Queen of Naples, the King of Hungary, and bought into his company the English condottiere John Hawkwood, Bernabo sued Roger St for peace. By bribing a lot of the papal councillors he acquired a favourable truce on six June, 1374.
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John's operate was fairly thriving in provide back Many of us on the Faith. A while later on he was betrayed by one particular posing as a Catholic. Following his arrest he was tortured in jail in an effort to get him to reveal the names of other Catholics, but he refused. Soon after three trials, John was convicted of significant treason since he converted Protestants on the Catholic Faith together with denied the king's spiritual jurisdiction by upholding the Pope's spiritual primacy and condemning the oaths of supremacy and allegiance. Sentenced to Loss of life, the courageous priest was hanged at Glasgow in 1615 within the age of thirty-6. His feast day is March ten.
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Born in 1579, John Ogilvie belonged to Scottish nobility. Raised a Calvinist, he was educated around the continent. Exposed to the religious controversies of his day and impressed Along with the religion of your martyrs, he made a decision to turn into a Catholic. In 1596, at age seventeen he was gained into your Church at Louvain. Later on John attended a range of Catholic educational institutions, and sooner or later he sought admission into your Jesuits. He was ordained at Paris in 1610 and requested being despatched to Scotland, hoping some Catholic nobles there would support him specified his lineage. Finding none, he went to London, then back to Paris, and finally returned to Scotland.
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